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Osteoconductive properties of fragmented adipose tissue autografts on pelvic bone defects in Sheep: Histomorphometric and Immunohistochemical study
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| Author:
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, OMED IKRAM SHIHAB, OTHMAN ABUBAKIR OMAR
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| Abstract:
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Background and objectives: Adipose tissue is a connective tissue that is a good reservoir for stem cells. In last two decades adipose tissue has been widely used in regenerative medicine. In addition the adipocyte has the ability to dedifferentiate into progenitor cell. The aim of study is to investigate the ability of fragmented adipose tissue to repair critical size defects in vivo.
Material and Methods: Forty eight critical size defects had been done in pelvic bone of 4 sheeps (12 defects/sheep) bilaterally. While in control groups (C) the defects left empty, the test groups (T) were augmented by fragmented adipose tissue. The animals were sacrificed over periods of 1, 2, and 4 months. Histological, histomorphometric, Immunohistochemisty (Osteocalcin, osteopontin and osteonectin) , and scanning electron microscope (SEM) studies were done for all the samples. SPSS version 25 was used to analyze the results.
Results: The histologic results in both groups showed insignificant differences in 1st month groups. The test groups in 2nd and 4th months showed significantly higher bone formation than the control groups with P value (0.0241 and 0.0078) respectively. In all control groups, Osteocalcin, osteopontin and osteonectin were significantly higher in Test groups than their counterpart in the control groups over the three intervals (P value 0.0010, 0.0006 and 0.0019). The percent of new bone formation, Osteoblast and osteocyte were significantly higher in Test groups 4 months (P value 0,0027, 0.0189, 0.0032) respectively. SEM showed significantly higher new bone deposition in Test groups specially 4 months Test group.
Conclusion: Adipose tissue graft has the ability to act as physical and biological scaffold rich in cells that have the ability to differentiate to bony tissue, could be served in bone augmentation procedures, since adipose tissue stem cells and dedifferentiated adipocytes have osteogenic potentials.
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| Keyword:
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Adipose tissue; Autograft; Osteogenesis; Sheep.
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| EOI:
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| DOI:
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https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2020.SP3.107
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