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The effect of intentional perforation of dental implants into the maxillary sinus in different depths (a histomorphometrical study)
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| Author:
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, EVAN NAMRUD YOUHANNA, SHEHAB AHMAD HAMAD, LUQMAN FAWZI OMAR
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| Abstract:
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Background and obejective: The sinus membrane perforation is considered as a potential risk factor for implant failure and sinus infection. The exposing of dental implant into the maxillary sinus combined with membrane perforation might increase risks of implant failure and sinus complication. Therefore, oral and maxillofacial surgeons are always careful about complications associated with the maxillary sinus. The aim of this study was to evaluate existing evidence that demonstrates the incidence of intentional sinus membrane perforation by dental implant in different depths, identify possible risk factors associated with membrane perforations, and describe the common complications as well as to assess the implant osseointegratin and the survival rate of implants placed in the posterior maxilla in a dog model.
Material and Methods: A total of thirty two titanium implants were placed in the bilateral maxillary first molar areas of sixteen adult mongrel dogs, which were randomly divided into four groups according to the different penetrating depths of implants into the maxillary sinus cavities perforating the sinus membrane (group A: 0 mm; group B: 1 mm; group C: 2mm; group D: 3 mm). The sample, block biopsies were harvested six months after surgery and evaluated by radiographic observation and histological analysis.
Results: After six months healing period, no signs of inflammatory reactions or complications were observed in any maxillary sinus of the sixteen doges. The tips of the implants with penetrating depth of 1 mm and 2 mm were found to be fully covered with newly formed healthy membrane and partially with new bone. The tips of the implants with penetrating depth over 3 mm were exposed in the sinus cavity and showed no membrane or bone coverage. In the present study ground sections of bone blocks showed a successful osseointegration between all implants and bony sinus floor, and the growing bone tissue was observed on the surfaces of the implant which indicated an ongoing process of bone regeneration.
Conclusions: It can be conclude that posterior maxillary edentulous areas with reduced bone height may be successfully rehabilitated with implants that penetrate the Schneiderian membrane and extending into the maxillary antrum, , despite the different protrusion extent, penetration of dental implant into the maxillary sinus with membrane perforation does not compromise the dental implant osseointegration process and the sinus health during the 6-monthes observational period in canines.
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| Keyword:
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Maxillary sinus, Dental implants, Perforation, Complications.
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| EOI:
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| DOI:
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https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2020.SP3.106
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| Download:
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