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Dari Word-forming Transposition Phenomenon
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| Author:
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, KHOLIDA ALIMOVA
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| Abstract:
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The article discusses the word-formation transposition in the Dari language using the example of the
substantivating participles. Here the substantiation of the varieties of participles in the Dari language and their
place in the intercategory word production of this language is analyzed. Transposition means the transition of a
word from one category (one lexico-grammatical category) to another in the process of word formation. In
linguistics, this phenomenon is also referred to as word formation without affixes. Sources note that the
phenomenon of transposition developed gradually from the Middle Persian period and became widespread
during the New Persian period. Models of transposition in modern Dari language such as noun ? verb, adjective
? verb, verb ? noun, noun ? adjective, adjective ? noun, adjective ? form, participle ? noun, participle ?
adjective, verb or word form ? modal word, noun ? prefix exists, and substantiation leads among them. In the
article, the Dari word-forming transposition phenomenon was studied on the example of Substantive
participle. It analyzes the past, present, and future Substantive participle, the role of each participle form in
word formation through a categorical migration path. Of particular note in the enrichment of the modern Dari
vocabulary is the transition of the Past tense participles to the noun category. In most cases, past participles
acquire new lexical meaning as a result of substantiation. Substantiation past tense participles adopt nounspecific categories. In the modern Dari language, almost all present participles are considered to have moved
to nouns and adjectives The feature of present participles with the suffix - ???enda to express a person who
performs an action understood from the verb, who is attracted to that action, determines his level of
productivity. Present participles with the - ???enda suffix of compound verbs are more numerous than present
participles with simple and prefixed verbs, and the Substantive participle with them is more productive.
Present Substantive participle with the suffix - ??ân is not observed today. This group of participles is also
characterized by the ability to perform the function of a verbal adverb and to pass into the category of
adjective. Participles with the suffix - ?â are made up of simple verbs. Most of this group of participles have
moved to the adjective, and a few have become notorious nouns. Future participles can also move from one
word group to another, and this phenomenon occurs mainly functionally
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| Keyword:
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Word-formation (full) Transposition, Functional (Incomplete) Transposition, Model, Lexicalgrammatical Category, Participle, Substantivation.
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| EOI:
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-
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| DOI:
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https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2020.SP3.070
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| Download:
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