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Effects of 12 weeks combined weight and chain versus combined weight and elastic band variable resistance training on upper and lower body muscular strength and endurance among recreational weight-lifter males in Iran
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| Author:
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AMIR-BAHRAM KASHIANI, KIM GEOK SOH, AMINUDDIN YUSOF, KIM LAM SOH
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| Abstract:
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Several studies have shown a positive association between variable resistance training (VRT) and improvement
of muscular performance. However, the most effective method of VRT to improve muscular
performanceremains unclear. The objective of this study was to examine the effects of two methods of VRT on
maximal muscular strength and endurance among trained male adults. Fiftyhealthy recreational weight-lifter
males (age: 21.5 ± 1.95 years) were selected randomly and assigned into three groups: combined weight and
chain (WC), combined weight and elastic band (WE), and free-weight (CG). All three groups completed 12
weeks of high intensity resistance training (80-90% of one-repetition maximum) with four sets of 8-12
repetitions for three times per week. Approximately 65% of the whole resistance was provided by free-weights
and the other 35% of the resistance was provided by chains and elastic bandsfor WC and WE groups,
respectively.Depended variables involving maximal muscular strength and endurance using one-repetition
maximum and maximum repetitions were measured, respectively in pre-test, post-test 1 (week 6) and post-test
2. Significance level was set at P< 0.05. No differences existed among all groups at baseline for depended
variables. A mixed model ANOVA with repeated measurements analysis revealed that all groups showed a
significant improvement in maximal muscular strength and enduranceduring and after the intervention(P =
0.0001). In WE and WC groups, maximal muscular strength and endurance were significantly greater than CG
group during and after the intervention. Finally, in WE group, maximal muscular strength were significantly
greater than WC group only in post-test 2 (chest press: 56.02 ± 3.3 vs. 52.64 ± 4.9 kg, and squat: 104.26 ± 6.2
vs. 96.47 ± 6.6 kg), and maximal muscular endurance were significantly greater in WE group compared to WC
group in post-tests 1 and 2 (Post-test 1 = chest press: 18.58 ± 1.2vs. 16.64 ± 1.5 repetitions, and squat: 20.05 ±
0.8 vs. 18.11 ± 1.6 repetitions. Post-test 2 = chest press: 20.47 ± 1.5vs. 17.82 ± 1.5 repetitions, and squat: 21.82
± 0.9 vs. 19.29 ± 1.4 repetitions).The results of this study show that VRT has a significant better effect than
free-weightto improve upper and lower body muscular strength and endurance during and after 12 weeks
intervention, in particular, WE training has a significantbetter effect than WC training to improve upper and
lower body muscular strength and endurance after 12 weeks of VRTamong trained male adults in Iran.
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| Keyword:
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Combined weight and chain, combined weight and elastic band, maximum repetitions, onerepetition maximum, variable resistance training
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| EOI:
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| DOI:
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