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The explore flexible emotion-based decision-making behavior in smokers and non-smokers
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| Author:
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LEILA JAFARI, NEDA VAHED, SARA AZADI, ALI KEYHANI, MOHAMMAD H.KARIMIPOUR BASERI, AMIR GHADERI
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| Abstract:
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Introduction:Flexible emotional decision making has a craving for cracking, slipping and temptation in smokers.
So, that the defect in the decision-making system is a strong predictor of slippage during the withdrawal period.
This study was designed to evaluate comparative behavioral emotional decision making in smokers, casual smoking
and non-smokers with "active role memory".
Material and Method:This cross-sectional study was performed on 45 smokers, 43 casual smoking and 89 nonsmokers.
The data were collected using a questionnaire of students who were smoking. The intensity of nicotinefugstrom
dependency, Beck Depression Inventory, Wechsler's active memory counts and homework Iowa
gambling was conducted in this research.
Result:The severity of depression was significantly higher in smokers and casual smoking than in non-smokers
(P=0.001), respectively, and, respectively, calligraphy and visual acuity in smokers and casual smoking were
significantly higher than non-smokers (P=0.001 and P=0.001). Analysis of variance with repeated measurements
showed that there was a significant interaction between smoking pattern in three groups and five blocks (Wilks'
Lambda = 0.62, F (8, 320) = 11.52, P=0.001, ?2 = 0.213). Also, analysis of variance showed a significant difference
in the three groups in the first block of effort (F = 9.65, P= 0.001). Non-smokers in the first block had a higher risk
profile than the other two groups, but over time, the differences in the three groups were made and the risktaking
decision of non-smokers was reduced. The LSD follow-up test showed that there was no significant
difference in risk between two groups in the fifth and final blocks of gambling in Iowa (P= 0.2)
Conclusion:The Iowa gambling decision-making pattern appears to be consistent with the pattern of cigarette
smoking in students, with daily smokers and casual smoking showing fundamental differences in emotional decision
making and cognitive flexibility.
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| Keyword:
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Smoking pattern, flexible emotional decision, active memory, intensity of nicotine dependence
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| DOI:
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