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BIOLOGICAL GROWTH PECULIARITIES OF THE CUTTINGS OF VARIOUS ROOTSTOCKS IN A HORIZONTAL NURSERY
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| Author:
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L. GRIGOREVA
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| Abstract:
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The basic physiological and biometric parameters of zoned (62-396, 54-118, 57-545) and introduced (P60, ?59, P22)
apple clonal rootstock with various growth vigor in the intensive cuttings’ nursery with the use of organic substrate
were comparatively assessed. It has been found that over 8 years of study in the conditions of the Central Black Soil
belt of the Russian Federation, the introduced rootstocks in terms of environmental sustainability were virtually at the
level of zoned apple rootstocks. The results of many years' research about the characteristics of apple clonal
rootstock root system formation, leaf area, the productivity of leaves’ photosynthesis and accumulation of the
vegetative mass in various plant organs within the vegetation period have been presented. It has been found that in
the nursery, accumulation of the biomass in cuttings of various rootstocks largely depends on their leaf area (r =
0.93). The high correlation between rootstocks’ growth vigor and the leaf area per 1 meter of the nursery (r=0.91)
has been found. On the eighth productive year, the total leaf area per 1 ha of the nursery for rootstocks 62-396 was
18.1 thousand m2, for P60 – 23.1 thousand m2, and for rootstocks 54-118 and 57-545 – 24.4 thousand m2, which
shows the intensive use of the land area and solar energy. The leaf area index in mother plant rows reached 7.3-9.8
m2/m2.It has been found that the introduced rootstocks had a very low coefficient of roots’ branching, their number
of root endings was 2.2-2.9 times smaller than in zoned rootstocks.In zoned rootstocks, higher photosynthetic
activity of leaves was revealed, compared to the introduced rootstocks. Thus, the difference in the productivity of
leaves’ photosynthesis was 12-18%. During the vegetation season, 1 m2 of leaves of the cuttings of rootstock 62-396
synthesized the largest amount of assimilates in terms of final biomass – 566 g of dry matter.Over the years of
research, the best indicators of cuttings’ quality in the intensive nursery were on the average observed in forms 62-
396, P60 and 54-118, the yields of the first and second grade for them were 55-58%
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| Keyword:
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apple tree, clonal rootstocks, cuttings’ nursery, root system, leaf area, photosynthetic productivity.
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| EOI:
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| DOI:
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| Download:
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