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Toxicological Assessment of Parkia Speciosa Pods Ethanol Extract: The Acute and Sub-Chronic Oral Toxicity Test on Experimental Animal
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| Author:
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FITRYA FITRYA, ELFITA ELFITA, ANISA AMRIANI, DYAH SAHARA, PRANTARA ARDI PRASETYO
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| Abstract:
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Parkia speciosa has been used traditionally for the treatment of diabetes, headache, and kidney failure in several
countries such as Malaysia and Indonesia. This study tested the toxicity of its pod ethanol extract through acute
and sub-chronic toxicity tests on experimental animal. Wistar rats were given orally a single dose of Parkia
speciosa ethanol extract up to 5000 mg/kg for the acute toxicity test. Toxic symptoms and mortality were
observed daily for 7 days. On the other hand, the rats were given the extract doses of 100, 200, 400, and 800
mg/kg/day for 28 days orally for sub-chronic toxicity test. A control group was given 10% Na CMC suspension.
On the 29th day, blood of the rats was drawn and the rats were then sacrificed. The toxicity effects were
observed through the several parameters namely, body weight, hematology, serum biochemistry, relative organ
weight, and histopathology. The acute toxicity analysis showed no mortality and toxic symptoms until the dose
of 5000 mg/kg so that the extract was categorized as low toxicity with LD50 value of > 5000 mg. In addition, the
sub-chronic toxicity analysis showed insignificant alteration in body weight, serum biochemistry, and hematology
(p>0.05). However, white blood cells count and neutrophils levels of the female group were significantly different
between test group and control group (p<0.05). Furthermore, mild necrosis occurred at the 800 mg/kg group
from histopathology analysis. In conclusion, the Parkia speciosa pod ethanol extract is relatively safe for oral
administered with caution at high doses usage.
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| Keyword:
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Parkia speciosa, toxicity test, acute, sub-chronic.
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| EOI:
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| DOI:
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https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.03.033
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| Download:
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