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Formulation and Evaluation of Ehretia Cymosa Biosynthesized Silver Nanoparticle Anti-Inflammatory Ointment
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| Author:
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OLUTAYO A ADELEYE, LATEEF G BAKRE, OLUYEMISI A BAMIRO, AMINAT O BADRU, OLADAPO E OYINLOYE, AYODELE B FAGBOHUN, OLALEKAN A BALOGUN-AGBAJE, ZWANDEN S YAHAYA
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| Abstract:
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Objective(s): To synthesize silver nanoparticle (SNP) using an extract of the leaf of Ehretia cymosa as a reducing and stabilizing agent and to apply it as an anti-inflammatory agent in medicated ointment formulation.
Materials and methods: The leaf of Ehretia cymosa was extracted with absolute ethanol and the phytochemical constituents were examined. The extract was used to synthesize SNP which was characterized by UV–Visible spectroscopy, Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS), Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The SNP was used to formulate ointment. The physical characteristics of the ointment were determined by visual inspection. Viscosity and spreadability were also assessed. Drug-excipient compatibility was assessed by FTIR spectroscopy. Carrageenan was injected into the rat paw to induce inflammation. The ointment was applied to the paw and the circumference of the paw was taken hourly for six hours.
Results: The phytochemicals present in the extract are alkaloids, tannins, glycosides, saponins, flavonoids and steroids. The UV peak absorption spectra were observed at 450 nm, AAS revealed a decrease in the concentration of Ag ion with time and FTIR indicated the presence of hydroxyl, amine, hydrocarbon, carbonyl and imines confirming the biosynthesis of SNP. The ointments were soft and smooth with a stable and homogenous appearance. Viscosity increased and spreadability decreased with an increase in the concentration of bioactive ingredients.
Conclusion: The SNP ointment exhibited significantly better anti-inflammatory activities compared to the crude extract and positive control.
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| Keyword:
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Ehretia cymosa, silver nanoparticles, biosynthesis, ointment formulation, anti-inflammatory.
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| EOI:
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| DOI:
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https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.02.410
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