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Viral Etiology of Pneumonia in Children with Congenital Heart Disease
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| Author:
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RETNO ASIH SETYONIGRUM, MD, PHD, WIGIT KRISTIANTO, IRWINA RAHMA ANDRIANI, PRAPTI DEWI SUHIRMAN, I CAHYADI, ALDISE MARETA NASTRI, KAZUFUMI SHIMIZU
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| Abstract:
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Background: Pneumonia remains become the leading infectious cause of morbidity and mortality in children. One of the predisposing factors of pneumonia is congenital heart disease (CHD). Etiologic diagnosis of pneumonia is difficult to confirm because many etiologic agents can present with similar clinical manifestation. Therefore, virus identification is important to do, not only to avoid irrational use of antibiotic, but also to ensure proper antiviral therapy in children with pneumonia.
Purpose: This study aims to identify the virus that causes pneumonia in children aged 1-60 months accompanied by CHD.
Methods: This is a descriptive analytic cross-sectional study of pneumonia children with congenital heart disease (confirmed by echocardiography), aged 1-60 months at Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, East Java during January to April 2014. Virus identification was carried out by multiplex PCR of nasopharyngeal swab taken before 24 hours after the diagnosis of pneumonia is established (WHO 2013 criteria).
Results: Congenital heart disease was found in 28/76 children with pneumonia and the virus was found in 16/28 pneumonia children with CHD, especially children less than 12 months. That virus was Influenza Virus (InfV) (4 children), Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) (1 child), Coronavirus (CoV) (4 children), Entero-Rhinovirus (EnV-HRV) (3 children), Human Metapneumovirus (HMpV) (1 child), and Adenovirus (Adv. HPIV) (4 children). Infection of Human Parainfluenza (PIV) and Human Bocavirus (HBoV) were not found. The virus is mainly found in acyanotic congenital heart disease (11/16).
Conclusions: Virus was identified in children with pneumonia who had underlying CHD, especially in acyanotic CHD. The three most common viruses in this study were EnV-HRV, CoV, and InfV, that shows slightly different results with other studies.
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| Keyword:
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Viral etiology; Pneumonia; Congenital heart disease
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| EOI:
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| DOI:
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https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.02.110
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| Download:
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