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Article Detail
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Characteristics of the Glucomannan - Modified Cassava Starch Biothermoplastic Composites on the Variety of Types and Concentrations of Reinforcing Materials
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| Author:
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BAMBANG ADMADI HARSOJUWONO, AMNA HARTIATI, SAYI HATININGSIH
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| Abstract:
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The research objectives were to determine the type and concentration of reinforcing materials that produced
the best characteristics of glucomannan-modified cassava starch biothermoplastic composite. This study used a
factorial randomized block design with two factors. The first factor was the type of reinforcing materials with 4
levels, namely polyvinyl alcohol, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, polyurethane polyester and polyepoxide. The
second factor was the concentration of the reinforcing materials which consisted of 3 levels, namely 1.5, 3.0,
4.5 % w/w, so that there were 12 combination treatments. Each treatment combination was grouped into 4
based on the processing time of the biothermoplastic composite. The variables observed were melting and
gluing capability, tensile strength, elongation at break, Young Modulus, swelling, degradation time, surface
profiles and functional groups. The results showed that polyvinyl alcohol and diphenylmethane diisocyanate
formed biothermoplastic composites from the modified cassava starch - glucomannan, meanwhile polyester
polyurethane and polyepoxide formed biothermoset composites from the glucomannan - modified cassava
starch. The glucomannan - modified cassava starch biothermoplastic composite using 4.5 % polyvinyl alcohol
have the best characteristics, namely having excellent melting and gluing capability with the tensile strength
value of 2062.23 MPa, elongation at break of 8.10 %, Young 'modulus of 25,428.31 MPa, swelling of 10.72 %,
biodegradation time of 5.25 days, the transverse surface profile did not show any clear holes (pores) and
fibers, the longitudinal surface profile did not show the presence of waves, fine fibers or pores and contained
functional groups (OH), (CH) and (-(CH2)n). The glucomannan - modified cassava starch biothermoplastic
composites using polyvinyl alcohol of 4.5% have met the PLA plastic standards from Japan, the international
plastic standards ASTM 5336, the PCL plastic standards from the UK and the ISO 527/1B international plastic
standards, but some of them meet the Indonesian National Standards (SNI), but it has not met the
international plastic standards EN 317.
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| Keyword:
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biothermoplastic composites, modified cassava starch, glucomannan, type and concentration, reinforcing material
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| EOI:
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-
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| DOI:
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https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.02.143
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| Download:
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Request For Article
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