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Improvement of endogenous prevention of dental caries in children in organized children's groups.
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ABDUAZIMOVA L.A, DINIKULOV ZH.A, ZAKIRKHANOVA SH.A, ABBASOVA D.B, KUCHKAROVA M.K, MAKHKAMOVA F.T
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| Abstract:
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Despite the achievements of modern dentistry in the diagnosis, prevention and treatment of dental caries, a wide selection of filling materials and various hygienic and therapeutic-prophylactic means, the incidence rate remains high, which is a serious problem for the health care of most countries of the world, especially due to the steady increase in the cost of restoration treatment and complications associated with the violation of metabolic processes in the hard tissues of the tooth.
The aim of the study. Increasing the effectiveness of endogenous prevention of dental caries in children in organized children's groups.
Materials and research methods. A comprehensive clinical dental examination was carried out for 266 children, including 204 schoolchildren aged 6 to 8 years studying in secondary schools in Tashkent, and 62 children 4-5 years old attending kindergarten. The survey included: - Determination of the intensity of dental caries by indices carious, filled, removed (CFR); - study of the initial manifestations of dental caries by a visual method, by the method of vital staining of enamel (2% aqueous solution of methylene blue), measurement of the size of the lesion using a specially made millimeter measure applied to a celluloid film; - assessment of the hygienic state of the oral cavity by the index of the effectiveness of hygiene of the oral cavity PHP; - determination of the state of the tissues of the population by the index of gingivitis GI; - measurement of the concentration of total calcium, magnesium, inorganic phosphate, total protein, as well as the activity of alkaline phosphatase in mixed saliva on an autoanalyzer "Hemolizer 2000" ("Human", Germany); - determination of fluoride content in mixed saliva using a fluoride selective electrode (ELITE 221) on an Orion ionometer (model 720).
Research results. The results of the initial examination showed that the intensity of caries of deciduous teeth in children aged 4-5 years was 1.82 ± 0.11, with a prevalence of 56.4%. By the age of 6, the prevalence of decay teeth caries in children increased to 72.3%, the intensity - to 2.95 ± 0.11. At the age of 7, these indicators were 80.3% and 3.50 ± 0.10, at the age of 8 - 84.6% and 3.84 ± 0.16, respectively. Examination of 8-year-old children revealed that the prevalence of decay teeth caries is 77.1% with an intensity equal to 3.07 ± 0.24, 10-year-old children - 64.0% and 2.46 ± 0.21, respectively. Caries of smooth (vestibular, lingual, palatal) surfaces of deciduous teeth was observed only in 5% of children. Permanent first molars erupted in 80% of 6-year-old children, while the prevalence of dental caries was 13.8%, the average intensity was 0.23 ± 0.04. In 7-year-olds, the first permanent molars erupted completely in 91% of cases. The prevalence of dental caries in this group of children was 16.4%, the intensity was 0.35 ± 0.05. By the age of 8, all the first permanent molars erupted completely, and the prevalence of caries increased to 19.2%, and the value of the CFR index (h) - to 0.66 ± 0.09, while in 4.5% of cases the teeth were removed due to complications of caries.
Conclusions: Carrying out a set of preventive measures, including the intake of the vitamin-mineral complex "Calcium D3 Nycomed", led to a decrease in the size of the foci of enamel demineralization by 17.9%, and to a redistribution of the number of spots with varying degrees of staining: the number of lesions with low the degree of staining, due to a decrease (by 19.1%) in the number of foci with an average and high (by 56.0%) degree of staining.
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| Keyword:
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preventive measures; Calcium D3-Nycomed; CFR index; biochemical methods; children
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| EOI:
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| DOI:
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https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.536
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