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Comparative genetic study for some species of the family Poaceae using the RAPD molecular indicator
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| Author:
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SALWAH HAMZA HUSSEIN AL-HASSNWY, RUQAYA MANOON HASAN AL-NOMANI
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| Abstract:
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Isolation of the genomic DNA from leaves of the species under study belonging to different genera with concentrations ranging between (210 - 648) ng / microliter and a purity of 1.8) which was estimated by a Bio drop device at the wavelengths of 260 and 280 nm Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) was carried out to prepare the genetic signature of 8 species of the grass family belonging to different tribes. The discrepancies between the replicated pieces of each species (their numbers and molecular sizes) were detected after the replication products of the samples were migrated onto the acarose gel and stained. With the stain of ethidium bromide. (9) primers were chosen, which showed different multiplication products among the studied species, as those prefixes showed (34) polymorphic bands out of (82) total main bands
Each selected primer produced between 24 (OPY-04) to 88 (OPU-03) bands. The size of the multiplicons (amplicons) ranged from 100 base pairs (OPM-18) to 1525 base pairs (OPC-09). The largest number of disparate bands (heterogeneous) (6) bands produced by the prefixes (OPC-09) and (OPJ-08) while it appeared that the least number of varying bands (0) bands were produced by the primer (OPY-04). The prefixes differed in their ability to find different types of patterns between the studied species, the polymorphic RAPD profile, in which it was possible to find the genetic fingerprint of the species under study from the grass family( Poaceae) that belonged to different tribes and that reflects various individual features specific to the DNA (fingerprints) .
The primers efficiency ranged from (0) in primer (OPY-04) to (0.09) in primer (OPW-01), primer (OPJ-08) and primer (OPF-05). It was found in this study that the primers (OPJ-08) and (OPC-09) had the least ability to distinguish reached around (17.64%). The primer (OPY-04) had the highest ability to distinguish is (0%) while the primers (OPF-05) has the highest value for polymorphism (57.1%), while the primer (OPY-04) has the highest value for polymorphism (0%) .
The lowest genetic dimension was( 0.053) between the species S. divaricatus and A. palaestina , while the greatest genetic dimension was (0.61146 ) between the species L. hirsutus and S. arabica
The meta-analysis revealed an unweighted pair-group method of arithmetic means (UPGMA), that is, based on the evolutionary tree of relationships into two major genetic groups or two major genera that included the first clade species L. hirsutus and C.pakeri, either. The second clad included two subgroups. The first one included S.barbatus species with a single clade alone. The secondary subgroup was divided into 3 subgroups, (3subclades). The species S. arabica descended into a secondary subclade alone and coalesced with it with the second subclade 2 subclade that combines the two species P.incurva and A. donax, while the two species included S. divaricatus and A. palaestina within asecondary subclade .
The isolation of the species in groups or clusters from each other indicates the reliability of the genetic traits in separating the species. As for the similarity that some species came with this results from the fact that they have a common ancestral origin.
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| Keyword:
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family Poaceae , Iraq , genotype , RAPD , tribe , primer .
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| EOI:
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| DOI:
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https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.351
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