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Prevalence of Skeletal and Dental Malocclusion- A Retrospective Study in University Setting
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| Author:
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VISHNU PRASANNA.S.G, SARAVANA DINESH. S.P
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| Abstract:
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Background: Malocclusion is a developmental deformity which may vary from minor to major deformities of dental or skeletal origin, including systemic syndromic anomalies. It may be limited to maxillofacial bones or encompass the entire craniomaxillofacial region. Skeletal malocclusion is a common birth defect that occurs due to distortion of maxillary and mandibular development that will have a huge impact on the positioning, alignment and health of primary and permanent teeth. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of skeletal and dental malocclusions among the South Indian population. Evaluation of the type of malocclusion patients report with might help the caregiver team to be better equipped with.
Materials and method: A retrospective study was conducted on 15,607 patients who visited a Private Dental College with a complaint of improper alignment of teeth. The records of the patients were obtained from the hospital's records management system. The study population included patients with dental and skeletal malocclusion which was verified with their case history and photographs. The data obtained in this study were tabulated in excel and the results were transferred to SPSS software and statistically analyzed.
Results: The study showed that the majority of the patients in the study sample had dental malocclusion compared to skeletal malocclusion. A combination of maxillomandibular defects (46.71%) was more common than maxillary (31.97%) and mandibular defects (21.32%) in the skeletal malocclusion group. Class I malocclusion (89.83%) was more common in patients with dental malocclusion than Class II (8.07%) and III (2.10%). 45.13% with dental malocclusion and 1.75% with skeletal malocclusion were in the age group of 30-60 years. In the age group of patients below 30 years. 42.30% had a dental malocclusion and 3.65% with skeletal malocclusion. In patients above 60 years, 6.93% reported with dental malocclusion, 0.24% with skeletal malocclusion. 55.11% of males and 39.25% females reported with dental malocclusion while 2.94% of males and 2.70% of females reported with skeletal malocclusion. Chi-square test shows p value <0.05 for both age and gender associations.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that dental malocclusions occur frequently over skeletal malocclusions in the study population. The most common dental malocclusion observed was Class I malocclusion and the most common skeletal malocclusion was combined maxillomandibular defects.
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| Keyword:
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Dental malocclusion; Mandible; Maxilla; Skeletal malocclusion
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| EOI:
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-
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| DOI:
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https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.231
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| Download:
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