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Colonialism, Political Identity, Zendeling: Management of Social Problems of Health, Disease and Medical Care during the Colonial Period in Bali: The Netherlands Indies 1908-1942
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| Author:
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I NYOMAN WIJAYA
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| Abstract:
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An interesting phenomenon to date in Bali, there are still several cases that show a causal relationship between the anxiety and helplessness of several people in dealing with social health problems, illness, and health care and their decision to convert from Hinduism to Christianity. This study wants to provide a historical answer in the Dutch era, 1908-1942, when colonialism, zendeling [Protestant Christianity], and identity politics were in the same space and time to find the closest reasons why this incident occurred. Its tracing is traced to community thought schemes about worry and helplessness that are formed from prolonged life experiences. An element of concern was sought in the scheme of thinking about illness, health, good and bad, while helplessness in the light of economic exploitation was practiced by the Dutch colonial government. Along with the advancement of modern medical science, there should be no more worries stemming from social health problems, disease, and health care. However, in fact, relatively many people have asked for help from the Gospel Teachers to get healing for their illnesses and life burdens. This problem will be answered by studying the practice of handling socio-health problems, diseases, and treatments on the one hand and economic exploitation on the other. Both of these practices caused concern to some people, that they would not be able to deal with social health problems, illnesses, and care for their family members. On the other hand, economic exploitation and the international economic crisis of 1929-1939 made people bear a heavy life burden. Both of these phenomena are captured by zendeling, through the gospel teachers who are mostly traditional healers to provide help. Help is not only in the form of prayers but at the same time the treatment of various diseases, even including patients with acute leprosy and non-medical diseases and on the other hand in the form of material assistance. The conclusion that can be drawn from this study, the conversion of Hinduism to Christianity cannot be separated from the concern of several people in facing social health problems, disease and health care and helplessness in bearing the implications of exploitation and economic hardship due to the international economic crisis.
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| Keyword:
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Colonialism, Zendeling, Plague, Economic Exploitation.
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| EOI:
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| DOI:
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https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2020.12.04.486
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| Download:
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