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Ultraviolet Spectroscopy Combined With Multivariate Calibration for Analysing Caffeine, Nicotinamide and Pyridoxine In Simulated Energy Drinks
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| Author:
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, MICHAEL RAHARJA GANI, FLORENTINUS DIKA OCTA RISWANTO
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| Abstract:
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Energy drinks, popular supplements containing caffeine and some water-soluble vitamins such as nicotinamide and pyridoxine are widely consumed and it is important to control and to maintain the nutritional adequacy of energy drinks. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a fast, simple and cost-effective means of analysing the caffeine, nicotinamide and pyridoxine content in energy drinks. Standard solutions of caffeine, nicotinamide, pyridoxine and the simulated energy drink samples containing all standard solutions were formulated and applied for TLC-densitometry and ultraviolet spectroscopy. We obtained original, first derivative, second derivative, standard normal variate and Savitzky-Golay smoothing spectra using ultraviolet spectral pre-processing. Two multivariate calibration techniques namely partial least squares and principal component regression were applied to all spectra in order to obtain appropriate model for each compound. We successfully developed an ultraviolet spectroscopy method coupled with multivariate calibration. The multivariate calibration models for caffeine, nicotinamide and pyridoxine were partial least square with original spectra, principal component regression with original spectra and principal component regression with Savitzky-Golay smoothing spectra, respectively. The linear equation model used for predicting the caffeine, nicotinamide and pyridoxine content was y = 1.068x - 0.889 (R2 = 0.988), y = 1.237x - 1.923 (R2 = 0.975), and y = 1.150x - 0.722 (R2 = 0.977), respectively. The caffeine, nicotinamide and pyridoxine content in the simulated energy drinks as calculated from chemometrics prediction were comparable to the results determined using a thin-layer chromatography–densitometry method developed from a previous study.
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| Keyword:
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caffeine, multivariate calibration, nicotinamide, pyridoxine, spectroscopy
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| EOI:
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| DOI:
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https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2021.13.01.105
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| Download:
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