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Prevalence of gingival pigmentation patterns and its correlation with gingival phenotype and gender in an Indian population
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| Author:
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KADAMBARI SRIRAM, DR.KAARTHIKEYAN G
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| Abstract:
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Esthetics and smile-enhancing treatments have become an integral part of the dentistry; In smile designing esthetics, the color of gingiva has a major role. Although there is no gold standard technique for managing melanin hyperpigmentation, esthetic concerns have led to increasing awareness about different depigmentation procedures.The purpose of the present study was to correlate skin color ,gingival phenotype, gender with intensity and distribution of gingival melanin pigmentation in a group of South Indian population. Hundred male and female non-smoking healthy subjects were included aged 18-35 years. A clinical examination of gingiva was performed to assess the anatomic distribution of gingival pigmentation. The intensity of gingival pigmentation and phenotype of gingiva were also observed. Subsequently the skin color was visually examined and assessed as fair, wheatish, brown and dark. Seven classes of gingival pigmentation were defined based on anatomic distribution. Gingival pigmentation was observed as highest being in the attached gingiva and interdental papilla (15.5%) and least being in the marginal gingiva and interdental papilla (0.5%). Correlation between skin color and intensity of pigmentation was statistically significant, with dark skinned subjects having heavy gingival pigmentation and fair skinned having mild pigmentation. No correlation was found between gender and distribution of pigmentation. No association was found between gingival phenotype and intensity of gingival pigmentation.South Indians predominantly have pigmentation in attached gingiva and interdental papilla. It appeared that the degree of gingival pigmentation of the gingiva and skin was significantly associated. Incidence of pigmentation did not differ between the sexes. Intensity of pigmentation did not differ between the gingival phenotypes. However, to study the exact variations in the patterns of gingival pigmentation multicentre studies with a larger sample size needs to be done in future for this population.
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| Keyword:
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Gingival color; Gingiva; Melanin; Pigmentation;Gingival phenotype
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| EOI:
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-
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| DOI:
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https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2020.12.04.437
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| Download:
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