|
Estimation Of Fluoride In Ground Water In Thoothukudi District, Tamil Nadu,India
|
|
| Author:
|
LALITHA CHELLAPPA, PRADEEP KUMAR RATHINAVELU
|
| Abstract:
|
Groundwater quality plays a vital role in human life and development. Water shortages have become an increasingly serious problem in India. The aim of the study is to estimate the fluoride content in the ground water of Thoothukudi district.Our study area is Thoothukudi district which is situated in south eastern coastal area of Tamil Nadu.The total district is divided into 9 taluks during the study period.This is a cross sectional study studying the fluoride content in the ground water of Thoothukudi district. The study was conducted in the fourth week of July 2018. The district was divided into nine taluks at the time of study and two samples were collected from each taluk. The places where the samples were collected got decided by simple randomization technique.The samples are tested for fluoride according to APHA -23rd edition 2017. It is done by SPADNS method . It is a colorimetric method and based on the reaction between fluoride and a zirconium dye.Out of 18 samples collected, 7(38.8%) samples were in the concentration below the daily permissive level. 3 (16.6%) were in the permissive level and 8 (44.4%) samples were in the concentration more than the daily allowance. India is one of the 22 countries prone to fluorosis in the world.In the study by C. Singaraja et al in 2014 the maximum fluoride content in the same study area was 3.3 mg l-1. But in our study, the maximum fluoride content is 5.51 mgl-1.The increased fluoride content in only four years can be attributed to the nearby industries (Sterlite, SPIC, VV titanium pigment private ltd, DCW, etc) where Sterlite is a copper and steel industry and others are chemical industries. Among the water quality parameters, fluoride ion exhibits unique properties as its concentration in optimum dose is advantageous to health and if it exceeds it affects the health.Since there are some areas which have exceeded the permissive amount of fluoride content necessary de fluorination must be done. Proper waste management system must be followed by the industries.The government has to take necessary action against the companies which dispose of their waste into the soil and water and pollute them. The major occupation of thoothukudi district is agriculture and it is advised that the land and water must be preserved to protect the livestock and lifestyle of the local residents.
|
| Keyword:
|
Ground water, Fluoride, Fluorosis, SPANDS, Industrial pollution
|
| EOI:
|
-
|
| DOI:
|
https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2020.12.04.424
|
| Download:
|
Request For Article
|
|
|