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The Efficacy Test of Nano Chitosan and Phylex in Resistance Early Blight Disease in Tomato Caused by Alternaria Solani Fungus
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| Author:
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QASIM ATIYAH ABD AL-TAMIMI, HALIMA ZUGHER HUSSEIN, AMNA MUHAMMAD ALI
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| Abstract:
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This study was conducted at the University of Baghdad / College of Agricultural Engineering / Department of Plant Protection / Mycotoxins Laboratory for the academic year 2019-2020.The study results of Chitosan and Nano Chitosan against the pathogenic fungus showed that all the concentrations led to an increase in the inhibition percentage of fungus compared to the comparison treatment, as the Nano Chitosan achieved high efficiency in inhibiting the pathogenic fungus. Also, it was given the highest inhibition percentage at a concentration of 6 mg/ml reached 93.88. Whereas the Chitosan gave an inhibition percentage at a concentration of 6 mg reached 58.33% 0. The results observed that the inhibition percentage increases with increasing concentration. Furthermore, The results also showed that the concentrations of Phylex 0.1, 0.2, 0.3 ml / 100 ml achieved an inhibition percentage of 82.96 and 100 and 100 respectively, compared with the comparison treatment, in inhibiting the growth of A. solani on a PDA (potato dextrose agar) culture medium. The results in the pots experiment showed a significant decrease in all treatments in the infection percentage and severity for the pathogenic fungus in the tomato plant. It protected the tomato plant and showed the lack of A. solani fungus effect, where the Nano Chitosan treatment was superior in reducing the infection percentage and severity, as the percentage reached 16.66 % and 12.497 %, respectively. However, the results of Chitosan showed an infection percentage and severity reached 33.33% and 16.887 respectively. As well as the Phylex treatment, achieved 16.66% and 10.413% respectively. The statistical results showed that there were significant differences in the biochemical indicators to stimulate the systemic resistance of tomato plants, as it was observed that the treatments used had a positive effect on the peroxidase enzyme (change in absorption/minute/gm fresh weight). The effectiveness of the biochemical indicators of the Nano Chitosan , Chitosan and phylex treatments reached the highest rate after 14 days from adding of the concentration, The results of the chlorophyll test showed the superiority of all treatments in increasing the chlorophyll content over the comparison treatment, The results showed that all of the treatments achieved a significant increase in the studied growth parameters represented by the length of root and shoot, wet and dry weight of root and shoot. Besides.
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| Keyword:
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Alternaria solani, Tomato, Inhibition percentage, Resistance, Chitosan, Phylex.
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| EOI:
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| DOI:
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https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2020.12.01.345
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| Download:
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