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Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy and sepsis: A case study
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| Author:
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DR. S, , SHIV DINESH DYARAPOGU, MUNEB AHMED SYED, MOHAMMED SAFI UR RAHMAN, AMAL TEJ MATTHEW, PURUCHURU AJAY
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| Abstract:
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Introduction: Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy(HIE) is a rare neonatal cerebral hypoxic condition that occurs when entire brain is deprived of an adequate oxygen supply which can occur due to birth asphyxia. 40-60% of affected infants die by 2 years of age or have severe disabilities. The incidence of hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy is estimated to be 1.5 per 1000 live births. The decreased ability of the neonatal brain to eliminate free radicals and the increased susceptibility to the free radials leads to damage of neuronal tissue
Case report: We found a rare HIE case of 1 day old child who was bought to the hospital with the complaints of difficulty in breathing and looks dull with a body weight of 2.5kg. The baby delayed crying after birth, on examination the baby has bluish appearance with irregular respiration and had two episodes of seizures. The partial pressure of oxygen (spo2) found was 86-98% and heart rate was 126 beats per minute, Then immediately started treatment was Oxygen inhalation 2litres/min, Intra Venous 10% dextrose and Normal saline. Brain CT scan was done and in the report focal cephalo hematoma was noted and the patient is treated with oxygen inhalation, Penicillin injection, Vitamin k, IV fluids, Netilmicin, Phenobarbeton, Ranitidine, vancomycin and hydrocortisone. The patient was completely stabilized and escorted him back to his house.
Conclusion: The patient was diagnosed by HIE with sepsis as per clinical presentations. The baby was kept in ICU for five days and managed with anti-epileptics, Vitamin K, Antibiotics and Corticosteroids. The child was performed with whole body cooling followed by rewarming over 4 hours to maintain desired rectal temperature. After 5day therapy the child was succesfully stabilized and discharged.
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| Keyword:
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Hypoxic Ischemic Enceohalopathy, Sepsis, hypothermia, birth asphyxia, neonatal complication.
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| EOI:
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| DOI:
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https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2020.12.04.052
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| Download:
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