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Detailed pharmacognostical, phytochemical screening and DNA barcoding of leaves of Ficus semicordata Buch.-ham. ex Sm.(Bhumi Udumbara)- An extra pharmacopoeial drug of ayurveda
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| Author:
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SHASHI GUPTA, R.N. ACHARYA, C. R. HARISHA, V. J. SHUKLA, SATISHA HEGDE
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| Abstract:
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Introduction: Bhui dumri one of the folklore plants of Odisha, is identified as Ficus semicordata Buch.-Ham. ex Sm.(Syn. Ficus cunia Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb.) of family Moraceae. The leaves of the plant are used, by the traditional healers, in the treatment of jaundice, stomach disorders, wound healing, scabies, leprosy, indigestion, liver ailment and skin diseases. Pharmacognostical characters of the leaves, for its identification have not been reported yet. Present research article explore its macroscopic, microscopic including powder microscopy, physiochemical, preliminary phytochemical and molecular identification.
Materials and Methods: Identified and authenticated plant parts were collected from Gandhamardana hills Paikamal – Odisha. Pharmacognostical study, physicochemical and phytoconstituent study was performed following standard procedures, recommended by Ayurvedic pharmacopoeia of India. Further, molecular identification is performed using chloroplast based ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase large subunit (rbcL) gene PCR amplification and its sequencing. The sequence derived was compared in NCBI, Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST) for confirmation of highly similar sequences.
Results: F. semicordata, usually evergreen, is small or moderate-sized tree, of irregular habit. Leaves are alternate, simple, base obliquely semi-sagittate, one side with a large 3-4 lobe, the other cuneate or with a small 1-2 lobe. Surface study reveals stomatal index to be 26.89. Leaf powder brownish in colour; slightly aromatic odour; astringent and fibrous. Loss on drying was found to be 12.26% at 110°C. Typical microscopical characteristic are presence of unicellular simple and warty trichomes in the outer epidermal cells of the petiole. HPTLC results shows 3 peaks and 2 peaks at 254 and 366 nm. The sequences derived from F. semicordata is 100% similar with the accession number JQ773762.1
Discussion and Conclusion: Primary lobes in leaf 9-14, base obliquely semi-sagittate are the key field identification character of the plant. In addition, molecular analysis confirms its identification as F. semicordata.
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| Keyword:
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Anukta dravya, Bhu Udumbara, DNA barcoding, Ficus semicordata, Pharmacognosy
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| EOI:
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-
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| DOI:
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https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2020.12.03.162
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| Download:
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