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Review: Toxoplasmosis: A Review of its Invasion and Immune Response
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| Author:
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KAWTHER M., INAM JOUDAH RAHDHI, HAMEEDAH HADI ABDUL WAHID
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| Abstract:
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Background: In 1880, the scientists Nicolle and Manceau discovered a single-cell organism in the tissues of a hamster-like rodent (Ctenodactylusgundi). Initially, it was believed to be one of the species belonging to the species of Leishmania, therefore nominally Leishmaniagondii. It was renamed in 1889, depending on the phenotypic form, Where Toxois derived from the Latin word Toxon in the sense of a Arc, whereas Plasma is derived from form in the sense of form and gondii from the name of the rodentgundi. In 1923 Junku noticed the presence of parasitic cysts in the retina of a child with cerebrospinal fluid and inflammation of the retina. This is the first human case of congenital infarction. Toxoplasmosis occurs in humans as a result of the infection of the oocyte in the feces of infected cats or the eating of infected meat that contain infected stage and the poorly cooked. The parasite can also be transmitted vertically from mother to fetus, especially during the first trimester of pregnancy, leading to severe neonatal deficiencies that can mainly prolong the central nervous system of the fetus. This leads to mental retardation or death that ends with the abortion of the pregnant woman. Toxoplasma gondii is a parasite that infected inside host cells and does not specialize in infecting a particular cell type, but is capable of infecting all cell types without any clinical signs. The parasite also stimulates the humoral immune response that acts against existing parasites in the blood and cellular immune response against the parasites found inside the host cells.
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| Keyword:
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Toxoplasmagondii, Invasion, Immune Response.
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| EOI:
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-
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| DOI:
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https://doi.org/10.31838/ijpr/2020.12.01.183
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| Download:
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